Corticoids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex. They play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes in the body, such as metabolism, immune response, and stress management. Corticoids are divided into two main groups: mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids.
Mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone, regulate the balance of electrolytes in the body, particularly sodium and potassium. They play a key role in maintaining blood pressure and fluid balance within the body. Glucocorticoids, such as cortisol, are involved in controlling the body’s response to stress, regulating metabolism, and reducing inflammation.
Corticoids are commonly used in medicine to treat a variety of conditions, including autoimmune disorders, skin conditions, and allergies. They can be administered orally, topically, or through injection, depending on the specific condition being treated. However, long-term use of corticoids can have side effects, such as weight gain, high blood pressure, and increased risk of infection. It is important to use corticoids under the supervision of a healthcare professional to minimize these risks.