Classicality is the period of classical antiquity, which refers to the time period from the 5th century BC to the 5th century AD in Europe. It is a period of great cultural and political change in the Mediterranean world and the Greek and Roman empires. During the period, great advances were made in literature, philosophy, art, architecture, and science. These changes gave rise to new ideas, technologies, and styles of living, which are still evident to this day.
The classical period saw the development of democracy, geometry, and astronomy, as well as advancements in mathematics, engineering, and medicine. Philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle developed theories of how the natural world worked and wrote works on ethics and politics. Art and architecture flourished during the period, with grand sculptures and buildings constructed throughout the Mediterranean region. Musical styles such as Gregorian Chant, polyphony, and the creation of opera emerged during the classical period.
As the classical period was drawing to a close, new movements such as Christianity and Islam spread throughout the Mediterranean. These religions had a major impact on the culture, beliefs, and values of the region. With the emergence of the Renaissance, the classical period gradually declined and was eventually replaced by a new era of art, philosophy, and science. To this day, the influence of this remarkable period in history can still be seen in the world around us.